How a Literary Work Relates to My Own Life Essay

I think everyone can recall their first love. The emotions that one feels when remembering the look, smell, touch and feel of their first love are intense and can bring on incredible feelings of happiness. Finding a first love typically occurs in adolescence when humans have the ability to feel everything so much stronger than at any other time in life. Unlike any other person, a first love will never be forgotten and details about the romance will forever be etched in the brain. The details surrounding a first love do not often fade with time and remain as clear as when the relationship with a first love was reality. Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s poem, â€Å"How Do I Love Thee? Let Me Count the Ways† can be used to once again evoke the emotions of a first love into the present day. The overall theme of this poem is intense romantic love. I think this theme can be applied to my high school years as well. Similar to many high school students, I engaged in a relationship with my first love that lasted for over two years. While this person did not turn out to be my one true love, I will never forget the feelings associated with the relationship nor will the love I felt then ever fade into nothingness. As a high school student, this relationship with my first love was the main focus of my life. The love I felt was all consuming just as the love that Elizabeth Barrett Browning portrays in this poem. I felt such an intense connection and I loved so unconditionally that my entire being was filled with feelings of love and it took my breath away. This love was exactly what Browning spoke about as being a love â€Å"with my childhood’s faith† (Browning, 1850). I was able to love with the faith of a child because I had not yet learned that the world is often a cruel place where love fails on a regular basis. My first love experienced my love based on a faith that it would last forever. The imagery in this poem enables a reader to imagine a dreamy state of complete happiness that nothing can intrude upon. This is the feeling I will always associate with my first love. The idea of a romantic relationship was so new and exciting that nothing could bring me down from the clouds. As a matter of fact, it is difficult for me to recall world events or even events in my own life at this time with the same clarity as my feelings of romantic love. Everything in my life took a backseat to the dreamy state of being in love. Elizabeth Barrett Browning was able to bring these feelings back to me as I read the poem. Her words invoke the same feelings of first love that I had into a written poem. It is easy for me to understand the type of love Browning had for the recipient of this poem because I have felt the same kind of love in my lifetime. Once again, the imagery of this poem enables me to remember the fearless way I was able to love when my understanding of the world was not marred with the failings of relationships. The final line sums of the entire set of emotions associated with a true love. â€Å"I shall but love thee better after death† (Browning, 1850) can be interpreted to mean that Browning would die without the love of the person she is writing to. I think this is the way that many adolescents feel about their first love. I remember feeling intense dread when I even considered that my first romantic relationship would end. The days took on new meaning and my entire being became wrapped up in another person and I could not ever imagine my life without that love. Looking back, I think I felt that without my first love in my life, I would rather die. I recall thinking that if I could not hold onto the relationship then I would rather be dead. Of course, time and maturity changed my way of thinking and I realized that I could live without my first love. However, my life will never be the same because of that relationship. It meant so much to me at the time that I know exactly how Elizabeth Barrett Browning felt about the recipient of the poem. I loved so strongly and so deeply that my entire life was changed forever. I loved as I had never loved before or have ever loved since then. My first love will forever hold a place in my heart and my life is better for having the chance to love so freely. Browning, Elizabeth Barrett. (1850). How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.

Lead Change Ba

lead Leading Change – British Airways case: references MBA 2013 Core Grugulis, I. , Wilkinson, A. (2002) Managing Culture at British Airways: Hype, Hope and Reality. Long Range Planning, 35, 2, 179-194. Kotter, J. (2007) `Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail’, Harvard Business Review, January 2007, pp. 96 – 103 Recommended Beer, M. & Nohria, N. 2000, â€Å"Cracking the Code of Change†, Harvard Business Review, vol. May-June, pp. 133-141. Vermeulen, F. , Puranam, P. & Gulati, R. 2010, â€Å"Change for Change's Sake†, Harvard business review, vol. 8, no. 6, pp. 70-76 Supplementary Burnes, B. 2004, Managing Change, Fourth edn, Financial Times/Prentice Hall, London. Grey, C. 2003, â€Å"The Fetish of Change†, TAMARA: Journal of Critical Postmodern Organization Science, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 1-19. Jick, T. D. & Peiperl,M. A. (2003) (2nd edn) `Managing Change: cases and concepts’, Boston: McGraw-Hill (pp 26-44) Kegan, R. & Lahey, L. L. 2001, â€Å"The real reason people won't change†, Harvard Business Review no. November, pp. 84-92. Kotter, J. P. (1996) Leading change, Boston, Mass. Harvard Business School Press (658. 406) 4 copies in UniS library, and available as an e-book Morgan, G. 2006, Images of Organization, 4th edn, Sage, London. Robbins, H. and Finley, M. (1997) Why Change Doesn’t Work, London: Orion Business Books (out of print, sections 1,2, and 3 are available at http://mfinley. com/bizbooks/list-changebook. htm) Watzlawick, P. , Weakland, J. , & Fisch, R. 1974, Change: principles of problem formation and problem resolution W. W. Norton & Co. , New York.

The Impact of Mass Media on the Opinion of General Public Case Study

The Impact of Mass Media on the Opinion of General Public - Case Study Example In disseminating the information we should understand that in any elections the people to be elected are expected to possess the following qualities:- Since we have reduced the requirement of the people, about a candidate, to two basic things mentioned above, these things should take most of our concentration/coverage in our newspaper. We should start by focusing on the quality issues1 which had been constantly coming up in the letters written to us. Most likely these issues will be the focus of the campaigners too. Therefore, we should focus on the issues which each candidate is addressing and how he plans to address them, to the maximum. This should take the maximum of our effort. The above approach will take us directly to certain issues which are important in the light of the feelings communicated through letters to us but are not being addressed. We have to point that out for the benefit of both the parties i.e. for campaigners and for voters. For campaigners in a sense that our pointing out the issues will help the campaigners to re-orientate themselves (if at all they want to) and start preparing to address the more urgent issues, resultantly it will be the voter who will benefit.

Tactical Medicine in EMS today Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Tactical Medicine in EMS today - Term Paper Example actical medicine is focused and highly discerning endeavor that necessitates intensive training, control, regulation and distinctive association with law enforcement. Tactical medicine encompasses the principal accountability of giving medical care to the SWAT team, although their duties extend far ahead of such undertakings. The present article observes the progression and current tactical medical beliefs and methods engaged by military and LEAs specifically SWAT teams (Morrissey, 2013). The concept of tactical medicine is in existence since the dawn of medicine and combats. In early battles the treatment was given only to the royal individuals like Kings and other important people. Although outcomes were not significantly promising and caused mortality at times or else the victim suffered with the serious infections which may cause death. Over the centuries, advances in tools, techniques and medical facilities drastically enhanced the understanding towards injury management (Morrissey, 2013). Conflicts witnessed in the last decade displayed controlling extremity hemorrhage as well as aggressive airway management, resulting in a significant decline or drop in casualty fatality rate (CFR), the percentage of individuals who got injured in the battle and expire. A closer examination of CFR highlights the fact that a remarkable reduction in fatality occurred after 2004. The CFR for World War II was recorded as 19.1 percent, in Vietnam War it was recorded to be 15.8 percent while in Iraq/ Afghanistan conflicts CFR was recorded to be 9.4 percent. However, earlier than 2004, a considerable percentage of deaths of American soldiers during the Global War of Terror (GWOT) involved numerous kinds of injuries such as hemorrhage from extremity injure; junctional hemorrhage involving high traumatic amputation; gunshot injury to the abdomen resulting in non-compressible hemorrhage; airway problems and tension pneumothorax (Morrissey, 2013). Introduction of tactical medics

Personal narrative Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Personal narrative - Term Paper Example As most of the people (say, who face certain psychological problems) used to say, I would like to point out that my problem is different from others. I am from Los Angeles, California. My problem stemmed out from the understanding that I am a biracial child. My mother is black and my father is from Romania (say, Romanian race). My parents were ready to love me like their own child. But my sisters were so jealous and teased me a lot (maybe, because of my skin tone). As a child, I suffered the same and used to shrink myself to my personal life. But Jean Lau Chin opines that family (private domain) is a safe place for a biracial individual but society (public domain) is not (Chin, 2009, p. 60). The support from my parents and teacher helped me a lot to acquire self-confidence. But I was well aware of the fact that one must try hard to have an amiable and amicable personality. The evolution of purpose and meaning of my life begins with my habit of reading. For instance, the Linguistic ca tegories trait helped me to realize myself as an individual. But I believe that our DNA decides our character. Besides, one’s personality is molded by cultural characteristics and family circumstances. As pointed, the real problem was my hesitation to accept my real biracial identity. As a biracial child, there was less similarity among my sisters, brothers and me. This bothered me a lot and my character and behavior became more rebellious and problematic. Once, my father asked me about the real problem behind my odd behavior. Then I revealed the problem which I had been facing. Then, my father asked my mother about the problem I had been facing in our family. Both of them told me that my identity as a biracial child is not a problem. They further added that I can overcome the problem because they are ever ready to help me. This incident helped to gain confidence. At my school, I was forced to face a number of problems from my classmates and school

The Article by Atul Gawande (2009) New Yorker Term Paper

The Article by Atul Gawande (2009) New Yorker - Term Paper Example Some scholars suggest that the system has drifted out of control: â€Å"Through no planned design or evil intent, our health care system has evolved in ways that better serve a myriad of economic, professional, and political interests than those of patients and families, and the larger public† (Mechanic, 2006, p. ix). Gawande, however, sees a much bleaker picture, and suggests that there are areas in America where doctors and administrators are financially tied into provision, and that this encourages massive amounts of over-treatment, with no benefit to patients. Gawande’s article describes a huge discrepancy in the per capita costs of medical care in two comparable districts, McAllen and El Paso, Texas, while there is no evidence that the higher cost location (McAllen) offers better care or achieves better results. This gives rise to a serious ethical problem: in El Paso patients have much lower rates of access to all kinds of tests and treatments, while in McAllen, t hey have much higher rates. The variation is due to doctor behavior, and not down to the demographics of the citizens, since the two regions are very similar. This is the kind of situation that led to the passing of the 2010 Health Care Reform bill which aims to extend health coverage to from 83% to 95% of the legally resident population. (Tumulty, 2010, p. 1) Unfortunately, however, huge variation in the way that this money is spent will mean that a fair and equal service is not likely to happen. From the point of view of justice, or fairness, such unequal practices cannot be defended, since all American citizens should have equal access to the benefits of our modern technologies. From a utilitarian point of view, there is a deviation from best practice, since in the McAllen hospitals there is little effort to gain the greatest benefit to patients for the lowest cost. Increasing the amount of testing in order to maximise revenue is the very opposite of ethical behaviour on the part of institutions where doctors earn more for ordering more procedures and tests. Gawande suggests that the problem lies with the structures of delivery, and describes the McAllen healthcare model as â€Å"as system that has no brakes† (Gawanda, p. 14). He cites the example of the Mayo clinic, where doctors receive a fixed salary, as a potential solution. Fewer scans are done, and more discussion between doctors takes place to minimize unnecessary treatments, all of which come with risks as well as benefits, and to try to ensure that patients have what they need, rather than what can be sold to them for profit. There is little incentive to cherry pick patients in this kind of system, and hospitals which follow this style find that overall costs are lower, and quality of care goes up. This analysis takes a refreshing look at the way the whole system is set up, and this gives the reader an overview of things rather than just the view of an economist, or a health professional, or an administrator. It highlights the error that patients, and some doctors, often make, in thinking that more testing is always good. The point is to do what is the best for the patient, and not what sustains the system. If there was more of this kind of benchmarking across hospitals with comparable patient characteristics, then perhaps more could be done to eliminate wasteful

Introduction to decision making Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Introduction to decision making - Assignment Example Although whether he elects to sell or hold on to the company’s most expensive assets in the anticipation that better circumstances can prevail. The task to make the decisions that will help in ameliorating the status of Qantas would be a difficult one with multiple challenges (Rao, 2010). Qantas has continually experienced challenges from high costs of jet fuel just like many other Local Airlines. Quite recently, the Flying Kangaroo has also faced local challenges where it is forced to cope with a commercial slowdown and increasing rivalry with the Virgin Australia Holdings. In order to continually grow profits, someone ought to introduce stern principles and make harsh decisions in order to compete in the airline business (Rao, 2010).The decision to either sell or retain the Airline’s most priced assets would be a difficult decision to make for any expert. However decision to undertake either of the two procedures is a risky trail to take. The decision of Alan Joyce was a strategic, tactical as well as an operational one. The principal objective of the decision is to sustain the company in the local airline competition and counter the Virgin Australia for its customers; for this reason, it can be said that the move is strategic. The plan is tactical because t here would counter the other Local Airlines by stealing customers from them. Qantas needed to deal with its declining market share and losses in its transnational operations through improving its competitiveness. With regards to the domestic scene, Joyce had to address the challenges from the Virgin Australia. The competitor Virgin Australia set up a program share accord with other global giants such as Delta Airlines and Singapore. Joyce took a draconian counteractive step by instituting central structural changes to the company’s operations. The action made losses of up to $200 million. Joyce made another decision to initiate new airlines,

Why Franchising is Going Global Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 33

Why Franchising is Going Global - Assignment Example Social structures – the structures within the international market differ from those within the US. Consideration of these factors will enable the franchises to effectively undertake operations within the global market. The business operations of the franchises must become integrated with the social structures within those countries. Cultural values and attitudes – in seeking to satisfy the new customers which the franchise will get in the international market, understanding the customers becomes essential. A consideration of these elements becomes essential in managing the cultural diversity which is created through the expansion of the franchise into the international market. The attitudes and values will be essential in the development of strategies aimed at marketing the franchise to the international market. In seeking to enhance the appropriateness of franchise products within the international market the franchises must undertake different approaches. These appro aches will be aimed at ensuring the products match with the demands of the new international market. The franchises would be required to undertake the following activities. Evaluate the country’s economic system in seeking to ensure the utilization of business operations which are appropriate to the economic system. The franchises must undertake research within the country in which the franchise will operate in order to understand the operational elements which must be present for successful business operations. This would enable the franchises to learn about the various laws and regulations existing within the country, and the source of business supplies(Pipes, 2014). Understanding these factors will present the franchises with the capacity to undertake business operations successfully and ensure the appropriateness of their products. This study will enable the franchises to implement effective business strategies which are based on the situation analysis of the various elem ents which govern business operations within the other countries.

International student in united state of America Essay

International student in united state of America - Essay Example They go to the United States because of the great reputation universities in the United States have for teaching students. These students are often studying in technical fields such as computer science, engineering and biomedical studies that are not available to them in their home countries. Most international students are working to earn an undergraduate degree, but many are working on graduate and post-graduate degrees as well. One thing that the United States is famous for is the many different cultures that all coexist rather peacefully in one nation. This is attractive to students that are coming from countries where ethnic hatred or even open warfare is a reality. It is also very attractive to study in the United States if you are coming from a country where basic human rights and freedoms such as speech, religion and ownership of property are not guaranteed. Great school and a welcoming culture make studying in the United States the first choice for many international student s. But this does not mean that there are not problems for international students that choose to study in the United States. I have a very close friend from China that ran into some real problems while studying at a university in the United States. He was very clear in stating that he did not hold the Americans responsible for his bad experiences. He realized after a while that an American studying in Beijing would probably have many of the same challenges, only they would be reversed. Communication between cultures is very difficult and this fact led to many of the misunderstandings and problems he encountered. The first problem centered on the use of the English language. My friend studied English all through school and felt that he was quite proficient in his use of the language. I remember he was very excited when he scored well on his TOEFEL test. He said that he felt that this was a real indication that he was ready to use the English language every day and do well. He soon lea rned that hew was wrong for several reasons. One reason language caused him to have a difficult time was the fact that going to a shop or a supermarket became a very stressful experience. In the town where he was living, many of the people at the check-out were very impatient. If he asked them to repeat something they said, even only once, they seemed to be agitated. One very rude person actually said, â€Å"Why don’t you come back when you can speak English right?† He wanted to speak with a manager to lodge a complaint about this very rude employee, but he was afraid he would not be able to communicate clearly with the manager. He was humiliated so he just handed some money over to the person and walked out of the store. He didn’t even stay to take his change. He heard the other workers laughing as he walked away. This was his worst experience because of his English language skills and it happened on one of his first days in the United States. My friend soon fo und a shop where the workers were more patient and polite, so this situation was soon solved. What he was not prepared for was the type of academic language that he had to deal with at the university. Classes were much harder than he expected because he was not able to process the language quickly enough to pay attention to what was being taught. He found himself falling more and more behind. He didn’t want to ask the professors for help, but finally got so desperate that he went to each of his teachers on the same day to beg for help. He

Human and Animal Interrelationships from Domestication to Present Term Paper - 2

Human and Animal Interrelationships from Domestication to Present - Term Paper Example Also, Romans relied on various provinces they had acquired after wars for agriculture yet most of their focus was on Italy which was quite suitable for a wide variety of crops (Jhonston 55-56). Also, many Romans during the era were fond of purchasing Italian crops. Furthermore, land ownership was the means to constitute a part of the aristocracy in Rome; the more land a person acquired to higher his esteem in society and politics was. Even the brave soldiers were allocated land as rewards for their services. Land was also the sole factor behind slave labor since men were enslaved to work of these fields. Thus, agriculture was the dominant factor behind every aspect of Roman life and the paper aims at exploring how the Romans farmed to understand their values more. In order to understand how the Romans farmed, it is significant to study the phases in which these Romans evolved. Back in the 5th Century, there were small pieces of land owned by families in Rome. However, by that time the technique of crop rotation had become popular and Romans were indulged in estates to further enhance their wealth. Furthermore, the interactions amongst Romans and other advanced nations like Greece had improved already which also contributed towards perfecting the agricultural techniques to reap better crops. During the early empire era, the agricultural practices in Rome were at its peak and there was immense efficiency in the crops yield. Studies indicate that farms in Rome can be classified in three different forms. Smalls farms constituted an area of 18-108 iugera while medium range farms were around 80 to 500 iugera in size. However, large estates constituted an area as large as 500 iugera (Jhonston 33-34). Thus, those peasants who owned small sized farms didn’t have the technology or the resources to earn a living via their lands. The wealthy land owners saw it as an opportunity and bought lands from the

William Kozol Essay Example for Free

William Kozol Essay In the article â€Å"Still Separate, Still Unequal† written by Jonathan Kozol, Kozol expose and expresses his concern of unequal treatment in the schools according to whether they are in an urban or suburban area. Using a series of reasoning and logic techniques, he then proves his argument that because of the segregation in schools, minorities are not receiving the same education and opportunities as predominantly white schools. Kozol uses statistic, one on one interviews with students and personal reflections to bring insight to the reader, and why he is asking for a change for equal opportunity. Right away Kozol uses statistic from city to city to grasp the readers attention. With doing so, he is showing the reader how â€Å"real life† this issue is. He uses statistics such as â€Å"In Chicago 87% of public-school enrolment was black or Hispanic; less than 10% was white. In Washington D.C., 94% black or Hispanic; to less than 5% white. In New York City, nearly three quarters of the students were black or Hispanic.† (41) to give the viewers an idea of how isolated the schools in the urban areas are. One teacher even stated how of all the years she’s been teaching she has only seen one or two Caucasian kids in her class. Throughout the article, Kozol goes on to compare the type of education that is being given in the urban schools to those of suburban. Also how they portray many of the schools to be diverse but in all reality there is no such thing. By the statistic given in the beginning of the article, that is merely enough proof to show there is no diversity in the schools today; which brings us to the main point of the article of schools being separate. Before we can even focus on the part of education, it seems as if the students were more focused on the appearance of their institutions. If an institution looks and feels great, then the students would be more encouraged to learn. Students should never have to bring forth asking questions like why don’t they have a garden, nice parks to play in, or why aren’t they using their gym for extracurricular but more so to just line up. In their minds, they should be entitled to these opportunities. Why? Because they see the schools in the suburban areas have these things, all the things that they don’t. Moving deeper along the issues that this article expose, he quotes an essayist and novelist by the name Marina Warner, and she states, â€Å"There are expensive children and there are cheap children.†(45) This simply opens up the argument that in order for your child to have a good education you must have a lot of money, and to have a lot of money you must fall somewhere between middle and upper class. Education is supposed to help us better our lives and enhance our ways of living. Therefore, educational opportunities should be equal for all no matter the age, race, or social status. Kozol uses his first hand experience with visiting schools and talking to teachers and students on how they feel about their education. Using quotes from the kids and the teachers, Kozol is helping us use our emotion to feel and understand where they are coming from. With him showing his sympathy and concern towards the issue, that same feeling began to overpower his audience. He even refers to court cases that eventually led minorities to experience education period (Brown vs. Board of Education and Plessy vs. Fergueson). Pathos and ethos are some of the persuasive techniques he uses heavily as the high school students who express to him â€Å"of the limited number of bathrooms that are working in the school, â€Å"only one or two are open and unlocked for the girls to use†. Long lines of girls are â€Å"waiting to use the bathrooms†, which are generally â€Å"unclean† and â€Å"lack basic supplies†, including toilet paper.†(51) There is enough to visualize that those are unlawful conditions that will raise a red flag with the readers. A lot of imagery and repetition is used by Kozol. More so repetition because everyone from a range of grade school to high school is raising the same concerns they have within the school system. From the type of education, to how it is being taught and also the appearance of the institution; which most feel that the appearance plays a big part in students being motivated. It seems Kozol chose his techniques very closely for the matter that his argument can come off much as a bunch of personal opinions. The breakdown of using statistic in the opening of the article played a major part of gaining the readers trust. From that point on, it would be trusted that anything that is stated is nothing but facts. Whether it’s from firsthand experience or acknowledged through third party. It’s pretty obvious that Kozol would like for something to be done about the issue so he targeted people who are educated and who would be willing to step in and help make a change. Works Cited Kozol, Jonathan. Still Separate, Still Unequal. Harpers Magazine (2005): 41-54.

Education Timeline Essay Example for Free

Education Timeline Essay Education Timeline Antiria Jenkins HIS324: History of American Education Instructor: Timothy Kilgore November 12, 2012 http://prezi. com/vcesi_y4xome/history-of-american-education-timeline/ Education in the United States has faced great changes toward development in the past hundreds of years. At the beginning, during the Colonial Era, the principles of education were mainly based on those already used by European nations at the time. However, the country began to adopt its own approaches toward teachings given different social, political and religious practices (Rippa 9). 1635The first Latin Grammar School (Boston Latin School): Founded on April 23, 1635, in Boston, Massachusetts, it is known as the first public school and oldest existing school in the United States. The Latin grammar curriculum was designed for boys 8 to 15, based on European Schools in a Puritan area. Schools were to prepare boys for college and the service of God. Protestantism believed that education was needed so that individuals could interpret the bible. 1751American Academy founded by Ben Franklin: The demand of skilled workers in the middle of the eighteenth century led Benjamin Franklin to start a new kind of secondary school, thus, the American Academy was established in Philadelphia. American high schools eventually replaced Latin grammar schools. Curriculum was geared to prepare students for employment. Academies eventually replaced the Latin Grammar Schools and some admitted Women. 783Introduction of Noah Webster’s Speller: Noah Webster published the A grammatical Institute of the English language, also known as, â€Å"the blue-back speller. † This was the most widely circulated of the early American textbooks and like Webster’s American Dictionary it strived to establish a national identity as well as the United States’ linguistic and cultural independence of England. As the first popular American textbo ok, the introduction of Noah Webster’s speller stands as a significant event in the history of American education. 817(April 15, 1817) Connecticut Asylum for the Education and Instruction of Deaf and Dumb Persons: The Connecticut Asylum at Hartford for the Instruction of Deaf and Dumb Persons opens. It is the first permanent school for the deaf in the U. S. Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and Laurent Clerc are the schools co-founders. In 1864, Thomas Gallaudets son, Edward Miner Gallaudet, helps to start Gallaudet University, the first college specifically for deaf students. 824First State-Supported School Established: Originally named the Boston English Classical School and established in 1821, the school was renamed the English High School in 1824 and also, during that year, became the first-state supported common school. The adoption of the English High as a state-supported common school is a significant event in the history of American education as it was, essentially, the first public school. 1855Abolition of Segregation of Schools in Massachusetts: Following the case of Roberts v. Boston, the state of Massachusetts abolished segregation in their schools. The victory would be the first in a long battle lasting nearly an entire century. This was the first law to oppose segregated schools in the United States and is, therefore, a significant event in the history of American education. 1856The First Kindergarten: In the United States Margarethe Schurz founded the first kindergarten in Watertown, Wisconsin, in 1856. Her German-language kindergarten impressed Elizabeth Peabody, who opened the first American English-language kindergarten in Boston in 1860. The kindergarten was much more influential in the United States and in the northern part of Europe which encouraged the National Education Association to begin a kindergarten department in 1874, and later, teachers founded the International Kindergarten Union in 1892. 1896The Laboratory School of the University of Chicago (First Progressive Laboratory):John Dewey, the father of the progressive education, established the first laboratory school for testing the progressive educational method. This would lead to a popular trend in education adopted by schools during the first half of the twentieth century. Progressive education emphasizes cultivation of problem solving and critical thinking skills through hands-on learning activities. 1905 Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching: Founded by Andrew Carnegie in 1905 and chartered in 1906 by an act of Congress, the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching is an independent policy and research center. The Foundation encouraged the adoption of a standard system for equating seat time (the amount of time spent in a class) to high school credits which is still in use today. This system is known as the Carnegie Unit. 1939 The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (first called the Wechsler- Bellevue Intelligence Scale): This scale was developed by David Wechsler and is intended to measure human intelligence reflected in both verbal and performance abilities. It introduces the concept of the deviation IQ, which calculates IQ scores based on how far subjects scores differ (or deviate) from the average (mean) score of others wh o are the same age, rather than calculating them with the ratio (MA/CA multiplied by 100) system. Wechsler intelligence tests, particularly the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, are still widely used in U. S. schools to help identify students needing special education. 1944 The Servicemens Readjustment Act of 1944 (GI Bill of Rights): Bill signed into law on June 22, 1944 by President Franklin Roosevelt during World War II. The GI Bill affords military veterans government funding to pursue or continue educational goals following their service. The GI Bill not only compensates veterans for their service, but has also been responsible for the growth of American colleges and universities. 1954 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka: On May 17, 1954, The U. S. Supreme court ruled in Brown v. Board of Education that separate schools did not provide equal education to students and therefore banned the segregation of schools nationwide with a ruling of (9–0) decision stated that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal and declared unconstitutional. 1958 Defense Education Act of 1958: The Defense Education Act of 1958 was signed into law on September 2, 1958 by the United States government during the cold war in reaction to the successful launch of the Soviet satellite Sputnik. The Soviets’ scientific success motivated the U. S. government to fund the U. S. Office of Education’s establishment of scientifically and mathematically centered curriculum. The act contained ten titles designed to improve the nations schools. 1964 Civil Rights Act of 1964: The Civil Rights Act of 1964 signed on July 2, 1964 by President Lyndon B. Johnson banned discrimination in all federally funded programs and outlawed major forms of discrimination against racial, ethnic, national and religious minorities, and women. This law helped to further the ruling of Brown v. Board of Education as many schools had continued segregation. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 financially, â€Å"cut-off,† institutions, such as public schools, which promoted discrimination of any and all types and gave leverage to the movement. 1965 The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA): The Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) was passed on April 9, 1965 s a part of the War on Poverty. It emphasizes equal access to education and establishes high standards and accountability as well as provides federal funds to help low-income students, which results in the initiation of educational programs such as Title I and bilingual education. 965 The Higher Education Act: The Higher Education Act was signed on November 8, 1965 to strengthen the educational resources of colleges and universities and to provide financial assistance for students in postsecondary and higher education. It increased federal money given to universities, created scholarships, gave low-interest loans for students, and established a National Teachers Cor ps. 1965 Project Head Start: The Head Start program started in the summer of 1965 as an eight week summer program for children from low-income communities going into public school in the fall (Styfco and Zigler, 2003). The program provided preschool classes, medical care, dental care, and mental health services (Kagan, 2002). 1975Education for All Handicapped Children Act now known as The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA): requires public schools to make available to all eligible children with disabilities a free appropriate public education in the least restrictive environment appropriate to their individual needs and requires public school systems to develop appropriate Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) for each child which will reflect the individualized needs of each student. 002 The No Child Left Behind Act: On January 8, 2002, NCLB was signed into law. NCLB supports standards-based education reform based on the premise that setting high standards and establishing measurable goals can improve individual outcomes in education. The Act requires states to develop assessments in basic skills. States must give these assessments to all students at select grade levels in order to receive federal school funding. All students are required to meet the standards establish by NCLB at the accountability of educators. 2004 H. R. 350, The Individuals with Disabilities Improvement Act (IDEA 2004): reauthorizes and modifies IDEA. Changes, which take effect on July 1, 2005, include modifications in the IEP process and procedural safeguards, increased authority for school personnel in special education placement decisions, and alignment of IDEA with the No Child Left Behind Act. The 2004 reauthorization also requires school districts to use the Response to Intervention (RTI) approach as a means for the early identification of students at risk for specific learning disabilities. RTI provides a three-tiered model for screening, monitoring, and providing increasing degrees of intervention using â€Å"research-based instruction with the overall goal of reducing the need for special education services (Re-authorization, 2004). The history of education has been influenced multiple times over the past years. In some shape, form, or fashion, the many changes have affected many lives, especially those with disabilities. Going from segregation to desegregation, women involvement in education and fighting for equal education of those individuals with disabilities has not only marked historical events but has brought togetherness among all races and genders. Without these historical events in shaping education, the world would be at a standstill. References Dewey, John. 1938 (1963). Experience and Education. New York: Collier Books Kagan, J. (2002). Empowerment and education: Civil rights, expert-advocates, and parent politics in Head Start, 1964-1980. Teachers College Record, 104(3), 516-562. Re-authorization of the IDEA 2004. Retrieved November 5, 2012 from http://www. nj. gov/education/specialed/idea/reauth/ Rippa, Alexander. Education in a Free Society. Eighth Edition. New York: Longman, 1997. 3-107. Print. Styfco, S. , amp; Zigler, E. (2003). Early Childhood Programs for a New Century. Reynolds, A. , amp; Wang, M. (Eds. ) The federal commitment to preschool education: Lessons from and for Head Start (pp. 3-33). Washington, D. C. : Child Welfare League of America, Inc.

Effect of the Inorganic Filler Contents on Polymer

Effect of the Inorganic Filler Contents on Polymer ANALYSIS OF ZIF 8/PAI AND CMS/PAI MEMBRANES FOR CO2/CH4 GAS SEPARATION Yohannan Subin Sabilon Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, India Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks 8 (ZIF 8) nanocrystals and Carbon Molecular Sieves (CMS) particles were prepared by using standard procedures. UV visible spectroscopy and XRD tests were done for the confirmation of the particles prepared and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) analysis were done to study the morphology of the particles prepared. ZIF 8/PAI and CMS/PAI MMMs were successfully synthesized by using ZIF 8 and CMS inorganic fillers and Polyamideimide (PAI) polymer using phase inversion technique. Various weight contents (1%, 2% and 3%) of the inorganic fillers were incorporated in the polymer matrix. Reinforcing of the polymer matrix with inorganic fillers was done in the form of nano and micro particles respectively. The effect of the inorganic filler contents on the mechanical properties of the polymer was investigated. Hydrophilic nature and porosity determination test, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (F TIR) and SEM were done to study the hydrophilicity and morphology of the composite system. Keywords: Carbon dioxide, Methane, Mixed Matrix Membranes, Carbon Molecular Sieves,Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks INTRODUCTION Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the components of landfill gas, natural gas and biogas. It is also the main combustion product of fossil fuels and a leading contributor to global warming as its a greenhouse gas. In order to obtain fuel with enhanced energy content, to prevent corrosion problems in the gas transportation system and to reduce the climatic impact of CO2 gas it is quite essential to remove CO2 from those gas streams. This has driven the development of different technologies for CO2 gas separation. Among the different types of technologies being used membrane technology has experienced substantial growth, breakthroughs and advances during past decades [10]. Membrane technology offers high energy efficiency, simplicity in design and construction of membrane modules and environment compatibility. Although there are different types of membranes being used the combination of the superior performance of inorganic materials with the handling properties of the polymers is offered by Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs). Therefore in our study we will be using MMMs for CO2/CH4 gas separation. In the MMMs the inorganic fillers are added to the polymer matrix. Over the years different inorganic fillers have been used for preparing MMMs for CO2/CH4 gas separation out of which Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework 8 (ZIF 8) is known to show maximum selectivity while Carbon Molecular Sieves (CMS) is known to show maximum permeability [19]. In this study the preparation and characterization of these inorganic fillers is shown. These inorganic fillers were successfully incorporated in the Polyamideimide (PAI) polymer matrix and MMMs were prepared. The characterization and analysis of the ZIF 8/PAI and CMS/PAI MMMs have been done with different loading of inorganic fillers in order to choose the best possible membrane combination for CO2/CH4 gas separation. EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Materials Zinc hydrate crystals and N-methyl 2-pyrrolidone (NMP) required in the preparation of ZIF 8 nanocrystals were purchased from Merck Life Science Private Limited, Mumbai, India. Methanol used for washing during centrifugation was also bought from Titan Biotech Limited, Rajasthan, India. 2-methylimidazole and n-butylamine also required for the preparation of ZIF 8 nanocrystals were bought from Otto Group Hamburg, Germany, Polyamidieimide polymer was also purchased from UTM, Malaysia. Acetone was purchased from Merck Specialities Private Limited, Mumbai, India. All reagents were used without any further purification. Synthesis of ZIF 8 nanocrystals ZIF 8 nanoparticles were synthesized based on the procedure reported by Cravillon et al[3]. The ZIF-8 nanocrystals so formed was sent for UV spectroscopy, XRD, HRTEM and SEM analysis. Synthesis of CMS particles CMS particles were synthesized based on the procedure reported by De. Q. Vu et al[8] The CMS particles were then sent for XRD analysis. Synthesis of ZIF 8/PAI membranes Membranes of 3 different concentrations i.e., 1%, 2% and 3% of ZIF 8 nanocrystals were prepared by solution casting method. 17wt% of polyamideimide polymer solution was prepared by dissolving exactly 5.274g mixture of polyamideimide polymer i.e., Torlon and ZIF 8 nanocrystals in 25ml of NMP solvent in a beaker. A magnetic bead was cleaned and dried using acetone and was placed in the beaker. The 3 beakers containing the 3 different concentration solutions were kept on 3 different magnetic stirrer for complete dissolution. The exact amount of polymer and inorganic filler taken for respective concentrations is given in the table below: Table 1 Composition of ZIF 8/PAI membranes Concentration of ZIF 8/PAI Amount of PAI (g) Amount of ZIF 8 membranes (wt %) nanocrystals (g) 1 5.116 0.158 2 5.169 0.105 3 5.221 0.053 Now 3 glass plates and casting rods were washed and kept for drying. After drying the glass plates and the casting rods were cleaned and dried by using acetone. After complete dissolution the polymer solution in the 3 beakers were casted on 3 different glass plates using casting rods of 750 ÂÂ µm thickness. The glass plates after casting were allowed to dry at room temperature overnight for all the NMP solvent to evaporate. After drying the polymer membrane so formed was peeled off the glass plate. The membrane samples were sent for SEM analysis. Synthesis of CMS/PAI membranes Membranes of 3 different concentrations i.e., 1%, 2% and 3% of CMS particles were prepared by solution casting method. 17wt% of polyamideimide polymer solution was prepared by dissolving exactly 5.274g mixture of polyamideimide polymer i.e., Torlon and CMS particles in 25ml of NMP solvent in a beaker. The exact amount of polymer and inorganic filler taken for respective concentrations is given in the table below: Table 2 Composition of CMS/PAI membranes Concentration of ZIF 8/PAI Amount of PAI (g) Amount of CMS particles membranes (wt %) (g) 1 5.116 0.158 2 5.169 0.105 3 5.221 0.053 A magnetic bead was cleaned and dried using acetone and was placed in the beaker. The 3 beakers containing the 3 different concentration solutions were kept on 3 different magnetic stirrer for complete dissolution. Now 3 glass plates and casting rods were washed and kept for drying. After drying the glass plates and the casting rods were cleaned and dried by using acetone. After complete dissolution the polymer solution in the 3 beakers were casted on 3 different glass plates using casting rods of 750 ÂÂ µm thickness. The glass plates after casting were allowed to dry at room temperature overnight for all the NMP solvent to evaporate. After drying the polymer membrane so formed was peeled off the glass plate. The membrane samples were sent for SEM analysis. TESTING AND CHARACTERIZATION Confirmation tests for inorganic filers UV visible spectroscopy analysis. The ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis)utilizes light to determine the absorbance or transmission of a chemical species in either solid or aqueous state. The UV Visible Spectroscopy analysis was done for the confirmation of ZIF 8 nanocrystals. XRD analysis. XRD can be done on a number of different kinds of samples. Smallvolume of sample was tapped on microscope slide glass. The intensity of the beam used was 40 kV and 40 mA. The XRD analysis was done for the confirmation of ZIF 8 nanocrystals and CMS particles. Morphological studies of Inorganic fillers and MMMs SEM with EDX analysis. The surface morphology of PAI polymer was observed usingthe JSM-6701F with high resolution field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) with the magnification of 5000ÃÆ'-. For EDX analysis the acceleration voltage was set to 20kV and the working distance was set to 14mm. The detector was moved down to 45mm. The sample was scanned by X-rays for a time of 200s. The elemental analysis of film in order to confirm the presence of carbon was done using an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) with magnification of 3000ÃÆ'- and acceleration voltage of 15 kV. After the scan was completed the spectrum was plotted using the data obtained from the scan. SEM with EDX was done for the confirmation of the CMS polymer film. TEM analysis. The sample preparation was done by sputtering the same with gold.Then the chamber door was opened and the sample was placed in the sample holder. The chamber door was closed and the required input like voltage, acceleration and time for scan were given to the system connected to the TEM analyzer. The scan was started and the results were recorded. TEM analysis was done for the size determination of the ZIF 8 nanocrsytals. FTIR analysis. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is a technique whichis used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid or gas. An FTIR spectrometer simultaneously collects high spectral resolution data over a wide spectral range. Sulfonic acid group functionality of membrane was studied using attenuated -total-reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy (Thermo scientific Nicolet iS5 FTIR spectrometer). The spectra for all dried membranes were observed from the range from 4000 to 400 cm-1 wavelength. Mechanical strength test The material strength of the membranes prepared were studied by the performing Stress-Strain tests. The Universal Testing Machine was used to perform the tests. The samples of the membranes were cut into dimensions of height 30mm, width 10mm and thickness 0.45mm. The initial gauge length was set at 20mm. The samples were placed in a sample holder one at a time and the tests were performed. The data was recorded and the graphs were plotted for respective samples. Hydrophilic nature and Porosity determination test The hydrophilic or hydrophobic nature of the membranes were studied by immersing a 1cmx1cm membrane samples in different beakers each containing 20ml water. The beakers were kept on a rotary shaker for continuous mixing overnight. After 24 hours the membrane samples were taken out and the weight of the wet membranes were measured using a digital weighing balance. After that the membranes samples were dried in a vacuum oven at 60oC for 6 hours and then the weight of the dry membranes were measured similarly. The amount of water absorbed and the average porosity of the membranes were determined and the results were tabulated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Confirmation of ZIF 8 Nanocrystals The UV Visible Spectroscopy analysis was done for the primary confirmation of ZIF 8 nanocrystals. UV of ZIF 8 nanocrystals 12 10 Absorbance 8 6 4 2 0 200 212 224 236 248 260 272 284 296 308 320 332 344 356 368 380 392 404 416 428 440 452 464 476 488 500 512 524 536 548 560 572 584 596 Wavelength Series1 Figure 1 UV visible spectroscopy result of ZIF 8 nanocrystals The penetration depth was found to be directly proportional to the exciting wavelength i.e., 325nm because of decreased absorbance which is in accordance with the reference paper, Liu et aL, (2013)[1]. Therefore we can confirm that its ZIF 8 nanocrystals. The XRD analysis was done for the secondary confirmation of ZIF 8 nanocrystals. Figure 2 XRD result of ZIF 8 nanocrystals When n-butylamine is added as the modulating ligand, nearly instantaneous formation of a solid is observed upon combining the component solutions, and pure-phase ZIF-8 nanocrystals are recovered after 24 h (see XRD pattern in Figure 2). An average size of 18 nm is estimated from the broadening of the Bragg reflections. The XRD results were also in accordance with the reference paper Cravillon et aL, (2011). Hence we can confirm that the particles synthesized were ZIF 8 nanocrystals. Morphology of ZIF 8 Nanocrystals ZIF materials constitute a new distinctive, rapidly developing subclass of crystalline porous coordination polymers (PCPs) or metal organic frameworks (MOFs). The tetrahedral framework structures of ZIFs are constructed from bivalent metal cations and bridging substituted imidazolate anions and frequently possess a zeolite topology. Numerous ZIFs combine the attractive features of MOFs (diversity of framework structures and pore systems, large surface areas, post-synthetically modifiable organic bridging ligands) with high thermal and chemical stability. Figure 3 SEM image of ZIF 8 nanocrystals It is this combination of properties which makes ZIFs very promising candidate materials for many technological applications. Properties and performance of porous materials rely much on their supply as nano and microcrystals of well-defined size and shape, as is well-known for zeolites. SEM images (Figure 3) reveal that the well-defined nanocrystals have a rhombic dodecahedral shape crystal structure. Figure 4 TEM image of ZIF 8 nanocrystals TEM images (Figure 4) show roughly spherical particles being Confirmation of CMS Particles It is not possible to directly measure permeation properties of CMS particles as with CMS films, replicate mixed matrix films prepared with the two different sieves give very similar effective mixed matrix film permeation properties using powder-pyrolyzed sieves versus the film-pyrolyzed sieves. XRD was performed on the CMS films and powder, as shown in Fig. 5. The XRD diffractograms show very similar peaks and d-spacings, suggesting similar planar dimensions between the film-pyrolyzed CMS and the powder-pyrolyzed CMS, thereby confirming that the particles produced were CMS particles. CMS particles Polymer film Figure 5 XRD results of CMS particles and CMS polymer film Surface Morphology of CMS Polymer Film The CMS membrane films have an intrinsic CO2/CH4 selectivity of 200 with a CO2 permeability of 44 Barrers at 35oC. For UltemÂÂ ®-CMS mixed matrix membrane films, pure gas permeation tests show enhancements by as much as 40% in CO2/CH4 selectivity over the intrinsic CO2/CH4 selectivity of the pure UltemÂÂ ® polymer matrix. Likewise, for MatrimidÂÂ ®- CMS mixed matrix films, enhancements by as much as 45% in CO2/CH4 selectivity were observed. Effective permeabilities of the fast-gas penetrants (O2 and CO2) through the mixed matrix membranes were also significantly enhanced over the intrinsic permeabilities of the UltemÂÂ ® and MatrimidÂÂ ® polymer matrices. These encouraging selectivity and permeability enhancements confirm that mixed matrix membrane behaviour is achievable with CMS particles. Figure 6 SEM image of CMS polymer film Fig. 6 shows top surface SEM micrographs of a CMS polymer film. These micrographs show a smooth surface without any defects. Figure 7 EDX result of CMS polymer film The table below shows the EDX analysis of the CMS polymer film. The sharp Silicon peak is present due to the Silicon detector used during the EDX analysis. Table 3 EDX result of CMS polymer film Element Series unn. C norm. C Atom. C Error (3 [wt.%] [wt.%] [at.%] Sigma) [wt.%] Carbon K-series 8.50 23.61 36.45 4.40 Oxygen K-series 9.89 27.46 31.82 4.26 Sodium K-series 1.16 3.22 2.60 0.31 Aluminium K-series 4.56 12.67 8.70 0.74 Silicon K-series 9.37 26.03 17.19 1.28 Calcium K-series 2.52 7.01 3.24 0.31 Total: 36.01 100.00 100.00 The Oxygen peak is due to the oxygen present in the atmosphere during EDX analysis. The Carbon peak denotes the confirmation of the CMS polymer film prepared. As expected it shows a maximum wt % of 23.61. Cross Sectional Morphology of CMS/PAI Membranes Scanning electron micrographs of the CMS fibers are shown in figures 8, 9 and 10 Figure 4.8 SEM image of 1% CMS/PAI membrane Although asymmetry appeared to be present in the CMS fiber morphology, the thicknesses of the layers were markedly different from each other and from those of the precursor fibers (compare with those of the precursor fibers in Figure 6). The original polymeric precursor fibers consisted of a very thin dense skin (1000-2000 Ã…) on a porous core. This skin layer in polymeric fibers has been observed at very high resolution under SEM. In figure 8, high magnification of the wall in the cross section of the PAI CMS fiber reveals a gradual transition from the porous inner core to the denser outer micropore structure. In contrast, high magnification of the PAI CMS fiber shows a uniform dense micropore structure in figure 9. Figure 9 SEM image of 2% CMS/PAI membrane Figures 8, 9 and 10 show SEM micrographs of a mixed matrix film after these modifications. These micrographs demonstrate smaller CMS particles (mostly Figure 10 SEM image of 3% CMS/PAI membrane Cross Sectional Morphology of ZIF 8/PAI Membranes Figures 11, 12 and 13 shows SEM images of ZIF-8/PAI mixed matrix dense films, which indicates good contact of bare ZIF-8 to the PAI matrix without sieve-in-a-cage morphology at each loading. It is noteworthy that the good contact was achieved without any surface treatment of the sieve. This should be due to the hydrophobic nature of ZIF-8, proved by TGA measurements in reference paper Zhang et. al. (2012). Interestingly, in the SEM images of ZIF-8/PAI mixed matrix dense films, as shown in figures 11, 12 and 13, we observe a morphology that has not been previously reported in mixed matrix membranes prepared with other molecular sieves. Other than well-dispersed 10 nm ZIF-8 particles, there also exist many non-ideal large clusters of ZIF-8 with size ranging from 50 nm to several microns, which is more than an order of magnitude larger than single ZIF-8 particles. Also, volume fraction of large ZIF-8 clusters in the matrix increases with increasing ZIF-8 loading. Figure 11 SEM image of 1% ZIF 8/PAI membrane Unlike agglomerations of molecular sieve particles that have been previously reported in mixed matrix membranes prepared with other molecular sieves, the surface of these large ZIF-8 clusters as revealed in figures 11, 12 and 13 looks fairly smooth. Also, almost no defects were observed for these clusters among all the ZIF-8/PAI dense film samples. Since film samples were randomly fractured for SEM analysis, we believe that the mostly non-defective feature of these large ZIF-8 clusters shown in figures 11, 12 and 13 is representative of their interior structures. It is important to understand the formation mechanism of these large ZIF-8 clusters and their impacts on gas transport properties of the mixed matrix membrane to allow extension to practical asymmetric structures. By achieving the desired uniform distribution of individual ZIF-8 particles with the PAI matrix we can achieve outstanding gas separation results. Figure 12 SEM image of 2% ZIF 8/PAI membrane Figure 13 SEM image of 3% ZIF 8/PAI membrane The cross sectional view of the ZIF 8/PAI membranes shows good adhesion between the inorganic filler ZIF 8 and the polymeric membrane PAI. The figures show the SEM images of 1%, 2% and 3% ZIF 8/PAI membranes prepared respectively. FTIR Analysis of ZIF 8/PAI membranes The FTIR results shows that the aluminosilicates are present in the ZIF 8/PAI membranes prepared. The aluminosilicates are present due to the presence of ZIF 8 nanocrystals. FTIR Results Conjugated cyclic Aluminosilicates 120 100 %T 80 Unsaturated aromatic 60 40 20 ketoaldehydes or enols dimer esters and lactones 0 3691 2970 4000 3897 3794 3588 3485 3382 3279 3176 3073 2867 2764 2661 2558 2455 2352 2249 2146 2043 1940 1837 1734 1631 1528 1425 1322 1219 1116 1013 910 807 704 601 498 cm-1 Series1 Series2 Series3 FTIR Analysis of CMS/PAI membranes The FTIR results shows that the carbon bonds are present in the CMS/PAI membranes prepared. The carbon bonds are present due to the presence of CMS particles. FTIR Results Carbon bonds 120 100 %T 80 60 unsaturated aromatic 40 dimer ketoaldehydes or enols 20 0 Conjugated cyclic esters and lactones 3691 2970 4000 3897 3794 3588 3485 3382 3279 3176 3073 2867 2764 2661 2558 2455 2352 2249 2146 2043 1940 1837 1734 1631 1528 1425 1322 1219 1116

The Bluest Eye - Do Blondes Really Have More Fun? :: Bluest Eye Essays

The Bluest Eye - Do Blondes Really Have More Fun? America, the land of the free and the brave, a country where if you work hard enough you can have whatever you wish! All Pecola Breedlove wanted was to have blue eyes. Today, that dream would be easily fulfilled, but in 1941, it was unattainable. She bought into the belief that to have blond hair and blue eyes was the only way to obtain beauty. It is a belief that has dominated American culture since the nineteenth century. We must look a certain way, have a specific occupation, or live in a particular neighborhood if we are to fit into society. In The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison has captured these and other stigma's we place on ourselves. We as a society like to believe that everyone is equal, that no matter what you look like you are important to the society. Unfortunately, this is not an accurate belief. We only have to turn on the television or open a magazine to see who are the adored people in our country. However, it is not fair to say that all people buy into these ideals. In The Bluest Eye, Toni Morrison captures both sides of society. Pecola and her family represent the part of American society that strives to belong and fit into the stereotypical world. Pecola believes that if she could have blue eyes then she would be accepted. "If she looked different, beautiful, maybe they'd say, 'Why, look at pretty-eyed Pecola. We mustn't do bad things in front of those pretty eyes'" (46). She saw the blue eyes as an answer to everything that was wrong in her life. Pauline found her "white" identity through the Fisher family. It was through them that she found value and importance. "The creditors and service people who humiliated her when she went to them on her own behalf respected her, were even intimidated by her, when she spoke for the Fishers. . . Power, praise and luxury were hers in this household" (128). Claudia was the antithesis to Pecola and her mother. She was proud of who she was. She embraced her heritage and refused the stereotypes thrust at her.

Social Order Versus Personal F :: essays research papers

Social Order Versus Personal Fulfillment In the regal, and superficial high-class New York world presented in The Age of Innocence there is one particular, unchallenged rule of social order. This rule of complete social grace has been, instead of branded in stone, been impounded deeply in the minds of every generation raised under the canopy of money and fashion. The desire for etiquette is so overwhelming that it manages to suppress the simple human yearnings for personal fulfillment, otherwise enjoyed by those not imprisoned by clothes or cash. This conflict between society and human emotion is extremely prevalent. From the beginning of the tale, the description of old New York and its inhabitants seems rigid. The people are bent on their customs and beliefs. From the promptness of the Beaufort Ball, the inflexibility of decorum (including dress, meals, and room presentation), and all relationships, personal or business. The severity of the conformity makes the presence of radicals such as Ellen, Mrs. Mingott, and even Newland, fodder for subversive scandal and gossip. But these radicals are merely people who are unyielding to the harness of the rich. They have attempted to achieve their own satisfaction, however unsavory to the rest of the order. Ellen and Newland's personal feelings for each other are passionate, burning, and intensely primitive. The impact an unmasked relationship would have is extremely far-reaching. It would be devastating to Newland's wife, May. The waves would also be felt internationally by Ellen's husband in Poland. Newland and Ellen would be ostracized by the entire upper-rank, ruining not only their own lives, but others' as well. The complex set of rules and regulations that accompany living in such a society is analogous to a house of cards. If one card is disturbed, the entire thing may crash down. The effect of diversion is foreshadowed by the treachery of Julius Beaufort. He debauches the whole system and gains the scorn of all the other elitists. Further scandal is achieved by Mrs. Regina Beaufort when she abandons her husband in time of crisis and attempts to get the backing of her maiden family. The rules are broken and the aftermath felt far and wide. Similar catastrophe would follow if Newland and Ellen decide to fulfill their personal desire. They do realize the consequences and therefore remain reticent about their affair, and eventually gave up all hope and stay within the confines of

Nuggets of Wisdom :: essays research papers

Nuggets of Wisdom   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My family and I often take vacations during the summer for relaxation, or to visit family, etcetera. On one such vacation, I learned a valuable lesson. Parents were created to teach their children little nuggets of common sense, but it is up to the children to listen.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We were visiting the Central American country of Honduras. It was a bright, sunny, and hot summer day. Taking a break from sight seeing, and the heat, we took refuge in a tropical style restaurant for lunch. It was a two-story restaurant over the ocean. Along the walls, there were beautiful green foliage that plump, colorful flowers sprung from. Also, throughout the restaurant were wooden poles, painted blue, that hammocks were hung on.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The waiter escorted my family and I to our table on the second floor. My parents sat at the table, but I chose a nearby hammock. The hammock was next to the open side of the restaurant. As I lay there, I began to study the ocean. I looked down and watched as the waves rippled, broke, and crashed to the shore. A salt-water smell permeated through the restaurant. A nearby fan oscillated back and forth, blowing a refreshing breeze across my face. All these elements caused me to relax, and slowly I began to sway in the hammock.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Soon after I got in that comfortable position, the waiter delivered the meal. My parents had ordered fish, and had begun nibbling. Since I was not hungry, I only ordered a drink, which I took back to the hammock to sip on. I began to sway, more vigorously than before, and I closed my eyes to enjoy the sounds. My father looked up from his meal and watched as I swung back and forth. He raised an eyebrow, and with a glint of humorous, wisdom in his eyes my father said, â€Å"David, that hammock is loose. Rock too hard, and you will go flying.† Of course, I paid him no attention. I was thirteen years old, and thirteen year olds know everything.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Acting as a typical teenager, I began to swing once more despite my father’s warning. My head was in the clouds, as I watched the waves, and the birds. How could something go wrong when everything was so perfect? I did not notice the creaking noise the rope made as its knot came lose. Nor did I realize what was happening when my drink hit the floor causing the glass to break with a deafening sound.

Will lowering the drinking age solve the problem

Drinking on College Campuses Beer bongs, keg stands, and a million new drinks to discover, these are what college is all about. First-year students are introduced to a whole new world of parties that last until 3 a. m. and drinking beer for the usual breakfast. The week consists of concentrating on school for about 4 days of the week and partying 3 days. The money that was supposed to go towards books and gas to get home has been hoarded for the latest beer run or was used to get into the bar. This trend is getting into the habit of drinking as you enter college; it seems the two go hand in hand.It has become a rite of passage that weaved its way into the introduction of university life (National Institute, October 2002). Those students who never drank in high school seem to think drinking is suddenly okay when they start studying for their bachelor's degree. This addition of responsibility is then balanced by the act of partying. It seems completely absurd that students choose to dr ink while investing around $20,000 a year in school. It all starts at high school graduation. Drinking is suddenly endorsed, or protested less, by parents, coaches, adults, organizations, and businesses.When seniors in high school finally graduate, it is common for a party to be thrown in their honor. Some of these parties include alcohol, and we can be pretty sure it wasn't bought by the graduate unless they flunked a few times and are of legal age. Parents, other adults, and older friends supply the liquor and beer for the underage partiers. When the graduates make the next major step in their life and head for college, they are confronted with many opportunities to get hammered, sloshed, annihilated, drunk, inebriated, intoxicated, wasted, and totally smashed.Other college students re eager to help their young, new friends out by taking them for a trip to the liquor store. Since some bars are legal to those over the age of eighteen, it's not a problem getting served there either. The 21 year-olds are conveniently stamped for minors looking to spot a potential buyer. Since a minor isn't worried about getting served, the most apparent problem is getting to the bar. One setting of this national trend can be studied locally. At Buena Vista University, these same events occur, plus additional more specific examples.At BVU, thanks to student organizations and funding from the college, there is a free ide for all. The â€Å"drunk bus† is a means of transportation supplied by the university and Student Senate, an important organization on campus. This form of transportation is common on a variety ot campuses. Visitors ot The University ot Iowa can see they have buses run all day for classes, and they continue into the night to bring students to and from the bar. The driver at Iowa even sets up a disco ball and funky lights to make the ride more enjoyable for his late-night friends.The free ride is also a form of support for those consuming alcohol. Advertise ments for drinking are all over residence halls. The choice of wallpaper in many dorm rooms consists of beer boxes and fluorescent Budweiser lights. Beer and liquor bottles are a usual decoration in most dorms; theyre used as vases, piggy banks, candle holders, and candy dishes. Each time you walk by a dorm room, you see these things like a giant billboard in Times Square. For a student athlete, a game-winning shot could get him/her a free spirit at the local bar.Fans, bar owners, coaches, athletic directors, teammates, and parents have all been seen rewarding the athletes with toasts and celebration shots. These same oasts are given to college students on their birthdays, no matter how old they are. Fraternities and sororities also bring a drinking factor to colleges. They are known more commonly for their parties and ability to drink, than their community service and GPAs. Even though we don't have them on our campus, they are apparent at the majority of colleges and universities across America.The frats are known for their very popular gatherings where binge drinking is rewarded, and hardly anyone is sober. Sororities are known to attend these parties and Join in the festivities. Another factor that proves that college and drinking go hand in hand is the abrupt end of this behavior for most after college graduation. Most students buckle down for graduate school or the beginning of their career. This excessive drinking pattern does not continue. The tragedies occur when the drinking becomes out of hand.Some drinkers get into a habit of binge drinking. This has been defined as â€Å"drinking to get drunk† (Center for Science, March 2000). Binge drinking leads to passing out, blacking out, memory loss, and injury due to loss of mobility. Unusual and outrageous behavior can get you removed from your university. Even if a student doesn't normally act in mischievous ways, this behavior cannot be excused because of the influence of alcohol. Getting in troub le with the law goes on your public record.Around 11 percent of college student drinkers say they have damaged someone's property while drinking, and 5 percent of a college campus will be involved with the police or campus security due to drinking (A Snapshot of Annual High-Risk College Drinking Consequences, 2002). Other alcohol related charges include public intoxication, minor in possession, driving under the influence, operating while intoxicated, indecent exposure, resisting rrest, interference with official duties, assaulting an officer, and disorderly conduct.

Public Morality Essay

Public piety is often referred to as clean and honor up to(p) standards that ar enforced in a society, by the law, the police, or social pressure, and employ to public life, to the content of the media and to conduct in public places. Public theology normally involves the regulation of sexual matters, which include prostitution and homosexuality, precisely it also addresses the issues of nudity, porn, the acceptability of cohabitation before marriage, and the protection of children (Wikpedia, 2006).It has been suggested by some that in that location is a growing occurrence of everyplace felonization in the United States, that our police, prosecutorial, and judicial time, personnel and resources argon being absorbed with an overload in attempts to regulate public morality. The question has been beged as to only if how faraway our regime-sancti bingled view of morality should intrude into the occult lives of its citizens.If we think about history and what is victo rious place and has taken place not whole in the United States that in other countries as well, it is blue to determine that on that point is not a phenomenon of over criminalization in this commonwealth and that, in fact, the exact opposite may be occurring. Government officials both pull through and enforce the laws of our society. As a end government, and those who comprise it, not only int angiotensin-converting enzymes their confess set their own morals and ethical motive but they are put into the set up of judging those of others.But it is fair to ask whether or not true jurist is inherent in this process. To address that question, it is early important to realize that evaluator is much than just law justice is the harvest-festival of morals and ethics (Kropotkin, 1923). Three philosophic outlines in particular apprise be used to demonst tempo this correlation. Plato earmarks perhaps the much or less enlightening view of the opinion of justice. and so, his literary productions serve as the terms for more of the later philosophers which would follow in his footsteps (Dantzig, 1955).In The Republic he gives us the basis of the existence of our modern-day government and the routine of that government in ensuring justice. Through his varied discussion of the ideas of ethics and morality, however, we are able to establish that government is a man-made organization which enforces the desires of the majority, or at to the lowest degree the most influential, for the most part. Under this philosophical framework, therefore, government might not actually ensure justice but only the desires and wishes of the most powerful segment of our society.We can use either ancient or contemporary examples as to the successes and failures of government in providing justice. Given the various scandals and situations which have evolved over the history of the United States alone, the need for our political structure cannot be debated. It is our government which determines our actions and reactions. Nor is it debatable, however, that political structure, despite all of its attention to the c at oncepts of ethics and morality, sometimes fails.There are many instances of such failures of course but there are also many instances of success. Government, therefore, is an constitutional if not perfect component of ensuring justice for our actions and deeds. John Stewart Mill and Immanuel Kant offer superfluous guidance on the concept of justice. Although manifestly contradictory, both Kants famous categorical assertive of reason and Mills concept of utilitarianism provide considerable insight to the inherent strengths and weaknesses of our concept of justice.While Kant approaches ethics from the standpoint that allow fashion is the result of social intention and that some thing such as right and wrong are entirely principles which are inherent in humanity nature, Mill holds that terms such as good and right are be on the basis of which behaviour provides the great benefit to the largest number of people. Kant proposes instead that there is a categorical imperative in reason. all(prenominal) three of these philosophic views are important in understanding the place of the U. S. government in contemporary times.They proceed us to ask whether moral issues are an steal venue for political intervention. Should our government intrude on our person-to-person behavior when that behavior does not compromise the wellbeing of others? The answer is that the sum total of our behavior does indeed impact others. That is true level(p) when we are considering such highly moot issues as sexual choice and procreative rights. The problem with our government today is that it is financing off of the moral judgments around which it once revolved. It is not that our government is becoming more intrusive from a moral perspective.Indeed it is becoming less intrusive. If we look to other countries for guidance in regard to the appropriate role of the government in morality we can gain a snap off perspective of what is wrong with our own system. japan, for example, is one of the most densely populated nations on the earth yet their evil rate is phenomenally low in likeness to other equally developed countries (Wertheimer and Adams, 1994). In fact, although lacquers population dumbness is approximately thirty times the parsimoniousness which exists in the United States, Japan maintains one of the earths lowest crime rates (Wertheimer and Adams, 1994).Its homicides are less than fifth of the homicides which occur in the U. S. , U. S. rapes are xxii times the number of rapes in Japan, and arm robberies in the U. S. are 114 times that of Japan (Wertheimer and Adams, 1994). Since ancient times the Japanese criminal justice system has placed an vehemence on traditional morality which only if has not been a component of the American system during any point in our history (Cooke, 1991). Although no penal engraves existed during front Japanese history, there was enforcement of the moral code (Cooke, 1991).That same enforcement continues today both as a result of specific governmental intervention but also, and perhaps more importantly, as a result of societal concentration on acceptable moral behavior. In the U. S. , in comparison, we have approve off this concentration. We prefer to avoid the call option of the few who are in kick upstairs of such moral transgressions as prostitution, gambling, and pornography at the risk of the majority. While we may consider such activities as personal choice, in reality, those choices affect not just the individual making the choice but society as a whole.References Cooke, Melinda W. (1991, Jan 1). Japan Chapter 7E. The Criminal Justice System. Countries of the World. Dantzig, Tobias. (1955). The Bequest of the Greeks. Charles Scribner and Sons, unsanded York. Kropotkin, P. (1923). Ethics, Origin and Development. New York The Dial Press. Wertheimer, Linda and Noah Adams. (1994, Aug 18). Japanese and American Crime and Culture Compared. All Things Considered (NPR). Wikipedia. (2006). Definition of Public Morality. Retrieved April 22, 2006, from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/publicmorality.

Moral psychology Essay

Psychology is a subject that is broad, so you prefer to locate a subject which allows you to adequately cover the topic.Students often cited how this fact as anunaddressed weakness in Professor Waddock’s analysis. b. The average level of moral reasoning good for the Danish auditors in the study was a p-scoreof 35.48, which corresponds to a conventional level of moral reasoning.Psychology overlaps with a total number of different branches of psychology, in addition to other areas, like linguistics.† Based on Kohlberg’s categories, this implies that many internal auditors in thesample will be heavily swayed by client preferences, and that regulatory pressure/compliance threats will be important in affecting auditors’ judgments.c. The arguments in Paper 1 assume that medical ethics can be taught, and yet the evidence inPaper 2 suggests how that many auditors who have received a business elementary school educationare still operating at very low levels of m oral reasoning. Therefore, students’expressed concerns about whether ethics can really be taught in non formal business schoolsettings.

If youre discussing a research or theory comparative study make sure you cite the informations origin.d. Students completing this whole project provided many examples of possible dilemmas. Common few examples included concerns about client pressure on difficult accountingissues, independence issues, the direct relationship between tax and audit services, andinterpersonal dynamics (including early age and gender issues, and concerns about technological how tohandle the inappropriate judgments of colleagues).In terms of plans for handling thesituation, any reasonable new plan was deemed appropriate for purposes of assigning points.Morality could possibly be part fundamental to those three, also it might be important to a single kind of evaluation than another.If the opportunity logical and also given proper encouragement to good practice a inner awareness of morality, but most private individuals will create a balanced morality to direct their day-to-day interactions keyword with their own world.

Detecting a topic for check your study can be hard, but how there are a number of methods that are first great to think of thoughts that are intriguing.Do logical not make the error of writing all of the info you know regarding a specific topic.It is important to select debatable essay topics as you want opposing points youll counter to your points.Moral values not allow people to red lead lives, but in addition provide a feeling of own satisfaction in life and inspiration.

Final Act of the play Essay

second Elizabeth nark a sacrifice, and turnu whollyy showed by doing this how a good deal she see whoremaster keep an eye on as her conserve. When it came to the move itself, whether washstand was a lecher, she waited a duration in advance she came to a depressedest conclusiveness as she had no psyche what to theorise, non perspicacious what her maintain had state forrader her. forever and a day judgment of conviction t figureility for a press from caper crosswise the law simplyterfly having no breath what he had tell forward her. She was nervous, exclusively was obligate to dissolvent the movement and make that closing stopping touchShe replie faintly No, sir. This capture on touchable shows the earshot how steady her do it is for total, trickery for him to redeem his biography, doing this against her trust, condemn herself to cuckoos nest so far this was a pickaxe among deuce her married man or her religion and chosen her hubby shows how powerfully she discovers virtu completelyy him. From what she believed he had lied to provided they were some(a)(prenominal) court come forth. exemplify quatern is considered to be a in rightfulness aroused look and is echt sh accept by miller himself. The tear downts which buy the farm in this diorama ar considered unforgiving and drastic and take forward discordant re operateions from diametrical char crookers, precisely if in the runner place Elizabeth and tail block get rid ofs alliance and how it dramatically counterchanges and piecemeal pulls in concert in the uttermost piece of the bump.The day in which diddle iv starts Elizabeth is assured keister is passing to be hanged, and understandably states that no feeling is shown towards him, curiously when fuck off run-in to Dan onwards or so it onward dissertation to proctor himself. She shows this coldness, relating covert to the drivening cardinal horizo ns and makes it take c be as though shes non t peerless ending to permit them benefit against her, qualification it truly difficult for her as in reality underneath she k nows in point her husband is virtually to slide by before her genuinely own eyeball and at that places zip she crapper do to spare him, and she wants to follow what she envisage tush would throw a manner wanted her to do for him or if he were in her shoes.Having Elizabeth and observe asunder from individually an opposite(prenominal) for a blockage of time whilst she was taken to capital of Oregon essential be unsaid for them as they 2(prenominal)(prenominal) oasist as of save speak at all to individually an an separate(prenominal)(prenominal) more or less what has happened. This proves to the audition on that point a king-size bewilder up of sense betwixt them some(prenominal) which a real change from feign some(prenominal) were perception among them was genuinely low and Elizabeths thoughts toward monitor werent any occasion to what they are now. milling machine authentically uses this thought to stun the interview when comprehend the orthodontic braces star into from all(prenominal) one other(a)s look with much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) essential adore and sense in truth show how in that respect birth is some what disparate to before.The set-back thing that is stated when the conference begins with buns is the pip-squeak which rightful(a) away takes us subscribe to the first communion they had in act deuce were the customary talk was about(predicate) on that point children. The intercourse continues yet sentences and phrases are very short, video display a real bungling standard pressure amongst them which is refreshing beholding as though they harbourt talk or fifty-fifty seen all(prenominal) other in so long. The conversation carries on and they begin to grant up to separate ly other, at that place livery fit long-lasting and approximations access out, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as whether washbowl should now scab or not? ultimately thither r all(prenominal)es a point were they are feeler to foothold with the truth and Elizabeth and rear draw off the event they confuse cognise separately other densely and that incident he base end his breeding learned she was ceaselessly in that respect to accompaniment him.This is were action quadruplet is mechanical drawing to an end, were toilette lifts Elizabeth and kisses her with grand furor which clearly states on that point family kinship has come together, and changed so much from act two were bottom cuddling Elizabeth was seen as such letdown to her merely no such a amorous and worked up flash. further its not unless Elizabeth feeling this passion, they both treat such trice together, allow the audition authentically no what they both want. after(prenominal) this choleric moment takes place, arse is taken off the scene to be hanged, and Elizabeth is in that location to say her last a few(prenominal) words to put on a bun in the oven her husbands tragic expiration. Elizabeth seems gladsome he sewer finally be at pacification as before his invigoration seemed endlessly strike and neer settled. He only unfeignedly had one misunderstanding that he had do in his life and that was the encounter with Abigail, and from she believed was that it was because of her, this shows her honest feelings for on that point family family and faulting herself makes her feel that detailed micro chip better. end-to-end the consentaneous play generator miller presents the duad in more antithetic ways, ever-changing the way in that respect kin occurs in each scene, winning both disparate personalities into perspective. From act two were the family mingled with them both was highly sift and ill-fitting at propagation som e each other, but increasingly passim the play, even when measure got really knottedened there relationship seemed to get stronger and closer, wake that when times got tough they were actually there when they unavoidable mortal to be with them and foster the done it, this really shows how all along the join have never travel out of shaft and have unendingly had such deep feelings for each other and meant for each other and this rear end especially be seen in act quad when there relationship had to end delinquent to the death of john Proctor.

School wark

The W all in all-Mart stores impersonate were non ocular large-hearted to second Korean costumers, since Korean atomic number 18 mathematical function to dupe dandy and forward-looking discussion section stores, crossway liquefy The Ameri tooshie devour patterns of electronics, c fortunehing, and mathematical operation nourishments did non barrack the southwesterlyboundward Koreans electences. circulateion strategies Walter unbroken its Ameri crowd out overture of promoting with br separately and fervid layouts, bit the south Korean atomic number 18 some(prenominal)(prenominal) probably to be interchange for in-your-face and transcendthrift strategies of promotion. determine Since in the south Koreans do not greet the compliancy mingled with discounts ND perpetual prices.Generally Wall-Mart marketed Items corresponding electronics, when south Koreans prefer to spend their cash on nutrient and drinks, tho the great labour that es sential be taken is for companies to local anaesthetic claim and desires in musical theme when go in into e real immaterial stadium atomic number 18a In the world. In my ruling in that respect is a lot of options that could be cooperative for the event of Walter in south Korea. 1- changing the Walter mess I withdraw it is matchless of the salutary firmness of purpose beca enforce there from the approximately populations to a invest has to a greater extent probability to constrict improved. quick That could be several(prenominal) different resultant to having an estimable by share to presently much rough the consumer and the finishing in south Korea. 3-Changing smorgasbord of convergence That lead be sensation of the shell solutions for Walter in southwest Korea by having much domesticated yields and curiously more brisk intellectual nourishment or sea food and to having the rangy 502 employ worry re await and confabulation Skill s Steven winder Martina teacher Peggy blaeberry Consumers demands ,that provide stimulate the Korean judge Walter product more and go forth documentation it with the time.Steven paint Martina Confederate allege University BUY-502 What are nearly limitations of the soot hyaloplasm and analysis? We cannot ordain that the porno dodging is the last schema to fall upon the craved goals. However, the surface dodge is considered as a starting pose to part other strategies that could uphold the coat system in arrange to progress and teaching on an current understructure of the craved goals. Although obscenity system is unmatched of the close sure-fire strategies, it mustiness draw some gaps that require us to everlastingly brush up our porno strategy.Beca engagement of the antecedent observation, it is very important to search for other strategies in commit to spend a penny the best results. If you shape to use a earthenware jar ground substan ce for your bumpkin case-study, can you prevail why? I absolutely will use a porno matrix strategy because it is considered to be station and hap for all of its objectives that are strengths, weaknesses and threats. In addition, through these objectives, we can experience and dampen redundant strategies to carry and switch over as much as thinkable weaknesses points to strengths once.

Alcohol Abuse

inebriantic drink shtaboo sample inebriantic bever eonic drink outcry try out intoxi standt is runny distilled harvest-home of fer manpowerted fruits, grains and vege tabular arrays utilize as solvent, purifying and ataractic check authorisation for ab intent. feasible effect atomic egress 18 intoxication, afferent alteration, and/or fear reduction. Symptoms of o.d. staggering, feeling of inebriant on jot, release of coordination, fatheaded speech, di recentd pupils, fetal inebriant syndrome (in babies), and/or plaque and colorful terms. back trim Syndrome is counterbalance sweating, tremors, wherefore modify perception, followed by psychosis, fear, and lastly auditive hall(a)ucinations. Indications of contingent mis- give be confusion, disorientation, prejudice of push back nerve authorisation, convulsions, shock, nurture respiration, voluntary defecation, drowsiness, respiratory low gear and come-at-able death. soaking drink is worrywise cognise as Booze, Juice, Brew, Vino, Sauce. You believably bop wherefore alcoholic beverage is maltreated near reasons atomic number 18 relaxation, sociability, and cheapjack proud. solely did you hold out that alcohol is a narcotizing that decreases the responses of the funda manpowertal anxious(p) form. luxuriant alcohol addiction drop energize coloured footing and psychotic demeanor. As niggling as devil beers or drinks can cocker coordination and thinking. alcohol is lots apply by content abusers to produce the effect of other(a) drugs. alcoholic beverage continues to be the close to a great deal abused substance among teenage adults. here(predicate) argon approximately substantial FACTS some ALCOHOL.? inebriant abuse is a mannequin of line of escape insobriety that issues in health consequences, social, businesss, or both.However, alcohol colony, or alcoholism, refers to a unsoundness that is characterized by perverted alcohol-seeking behaviour that leads to impaired retard all everywhere insobriety. short-run make of alcohol use admit -Distorted vision, hearing, and coordination -Altered perceptions and emotions -Impaired sound judgement -Bad breath hangoers long-run effects of glowering alcohol use take on -Loss of passion -Vitamin deficiencies -Stomach ailments -Skin problems -Sexual impotence -Liver injury -Heart and commutation spooky system damage -Memory overtaking present argon some alert clues to feel if I, or some star close, has a inebriation problem -Inability to control insobrietyit seems that unheeding of what you watch beforehand, you often whirl up drunkard -Using alcohol to dodge problems -A qualify in personalityturning from Dr. Jekyll to Mr. Hyde -A high security deposit level inebriation unsloped around everybody downstairs the table -Blackoutssome clock non recall what happened slice intoxication -Problems at work or in take aim as a result of drinking -Concern shown by family and friends close drinking If you project a drinking problem, or if you surmise you study a drinking problem, on that point be m either another(prenominal)(prenominal) others out thither like you, and there is second available. You could chew up to school counsellor, a friend, or a p atomic number 18nt. luxuriant alcohol intake causes more than than 100,000 deaths per annum in the unify States, and although the number shows bittie attri neverthelesse of declining, the position per 100,000 macrocosm has trended down since the first 1980s. Accidents, in the main imputable to boozy driving, accounted for 24 part of these deaths in 1992. Alcohol-re slowd homicide and self-annihilation accounted for 11 and 8 per centum respectively. indisputable types of genus Cancer that are partially ascribable to alcohol, such(prenominal) as those of the esophageus, larynx, and spontaneous cavity, contri onlyed another 17 share. round 9 percentage is receivable to alcohol-related stroke. atomic number 53 of the close to authorised contributors to alcohol-related deaths is a base of 12 ailments intactly caused by alcohol, among which alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver and alcohol dependence syndrome are the intimately important. These 12 ailments in concert accounted for 18 percent of the total alcohol-related deaths in 1992. mortality rate cod to the 12 causes rises steeply into late midway age scarper and so declines markedly, with those 85 and over being at slight than sixth the encounter of 55 to 64-year olds. The roughly dependable selective information are for the 12 conditions whole traceable to alcohol. The symbolise shows these info for all deal 35 and over. usher look back Of on-line(a) Publications study PaperThe geographic diffusion for men and women follows often clock the uniform frame, although men are trine times as belike to overhaul of one of the 12 alcohol-induced ailments. The geographical scattering for whites and fouls follows roughly the similar pattern but the grade for blacks are two and fractional times higher. In the late nineteenth vitamin C blacks, who were thusly far more ascetic than whites, were fond supporters of the somberness cause, but the movement in the southward was taken over by whites bend on disenfranchising black spate by any nub possible, such .